The winter breeze may bring delight to many, but for some, especially those with cardiovascular issues, it can be a cause for concern. Simple activities like walking in the cold can strain the heart, particularly in older individuals aged 65 and above. Cold temperatures are known to aggravate high blood pressure and heighten the risks for those with pre-existing cardiac conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and angina.

We speak with an expert to know more.

"The body undergoes significant changes during cold weather to maintain a stable internal environment. As core body temperature drops, the nervous system activates mechanisms to ensure key organs function properly," Dr Ashish Agarwal, Director of Cardiology, Aakash Healthcare, New Delhi, says.

When exposed to cold, blood vessels in the skin and extremities contract to minimize heat loss, but this constriction increases pressure in the remaining circulation. "This forces the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body, elevating both heart rate and blood pressure," Dr Agarwal explains. While this is a normal response, it can be particularly challenging for individuals with existing heart problems, especially during physical activities.

Caring for your heart in the cold doesn't have to be complicated. Dr Agarwal suggests dressing appropriately:

Dr Agarwal stresses the importance of recognising heart attack symptoms early. These include:

1. Chest pain or pressure, often described as a squeezing sensation.
2. Shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, or vomiting.
3. Radiating pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back.
4. Excessive fatigue or irregular heartbeat.

Timely medical intervention can significantly reduce the severity of a heart attack and improve recovery outcomes," he says.

To maintain heart health, Dr Agarwal advises adopting a balanced lifestyle. Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats in your diet while limiting sodium intake. Regular physical activity, managing stress through deep breathing, meditation, or yoga, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol are essential. "Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night to give your heart the rest it needs," Dr Agarwal adds.

By taking these precautions and staying aware of your risk factors, you can safeguard your heart, even during the coldest months.

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