A new study published in Nutritional Neuroscience reveals the positive impact of a low-calorie, high-protein diet on mental health in people with obesity. The research reveals that such a diet can significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression within just 15 days. The randomized clinical trial, conducted in Iran, aimed to assess how psychometric variables such as anxiety, depression, and stress were affected by dietary interventions in people with obesity. Participants were divided into two groups:

- Intervention Group: Followed a low-calorie diet with an increased protein percentage.

- Control Group: Followed a standard low-calorie diet with normal protein levels.

Researchers used block stratification to randomly assign participants and ensure balanced group sizes. Psychological and physical metrics were evaluated at intervals of 15, 30, and 60 days to track progress.

Key Findings Of The Study

The study found that people in the intervention group, who followed the high-protein, low-calorie diet, experienced notable improvements in mental health.

- 15 Days: Significant reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms were observed.

- 30 and 60 Days: Participants also reported lower stress scores compared to the control group.

Interestingly, while both groups began the trial with similar body composition, physical activity levels, and psychological variables, the intervention group showed a substantial improvement in mental health over time.

These findings emphasize the potential of a high-protein diet as a complementary approach to addressing mental health issues in people with obesity.

Obesity is a growing global health crisis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it affects millions worldwide and is associated with numerous health risks, including heart disease, diabetes, and mental health challenges. The World Obesity Atlas 2023 predicts that by 2035, over 4 billion people—or more than half the global population—will be obese or overweight.

The WHO defines obesity as “abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health.” It is typically measured using the body mass index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 or higher indicates obesity. BMI is calculated by dividing one’s weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters.

Obesity arises from a complex interplay of factors, including:

- Genetics: Family history of obesity.

- Lifestyle: Sedentary behaviour and poor dietary habits.

- Psychological Factors: Stress, anxiety, and depression.

- Health Conditions: Hormonal imbalances and certain medications.

Symptoms of obesity may include difficulty performing physical activities, joint pain, and conditions like osteoarthritis. Obesity can also lead to sleep apnea, a condition where breathing becomes difficult during sleep.

This study sheds light on the connection between diet and mental health, especially in the context of obesity. By reducing anxiety and depression, a low-calorie, high-protein diet can contribute to overall well-being, making it an essential consideration for doctors and people managing obesity. For those looking to adopt healthier eating habits, incorporating high-protein meals may offer both physical and psychological benefits.

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