There is a well-established association between autoimmune diseases and infertility. If diagnosed with an autoimmune disorder, it can significantly increase the risk of infertility in both males and females. This risk arises because the immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall bodily functions, including those related to reproduction. If you are aware of your autoimmune condition and are considering starting a family, it is prudent to discuss your plans with your doctor to improve your chances of successful conception.

Times Now Digital spoke to Dr Hinduja, Fertility Consultant, Nova IVF. She said, "Autoimmune diseases occur when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues, treating them as harmful foreign bodies. Instead of targeting actual threats, the immune system creates antibodies against the body’s healthy tissues, which is a significant concern. The most common autoimmune conditions include Type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Graves’ disease, celiac disease, and psoriasis. The exact cause of autoimmune diseases remains unclear, but it is believed that genetics and infections caused by certain bacteria or viruses may contribute to their development."

She further shed light on the impact of autoimmune diseases on fertility:

Autoimmune disorders are known to affect reproductive organs, including the ovaries in women, and the testes in men. In women, autoimmune diseases can lead to premature ovarian failure, which shortens the reproductive lifespan. In men, these conditions can reduce sperm count. Autoimmune conditions such as diabetes, autoimmune thyroid disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus negatively impact fertility in both males and females by affecting key reproductive organs, making timely attention and management crucial.

If you are diagnosed with an autoimmune disorder but are not planning a pregnancy soon, it’s wise to consider fertility preservation. Options such as oocyte freezing (for women), semen freezing (for men), or embryo freezing can help safeguard your reproductive potential. These methods allow you to store healthy gametes (eggs or sperm) or embryos before the autoimmune disease or its treatment significantly affects them. This proactive approach can ensure that the impact of the disease on your fertility is minimized when you are ready to start a family.

Conclusion

It is essential to diagnose and manage autoimmune conditions promptly before initiating any fertility treatment to achieve successful pregnancy outcomes. Infertility treatment options like In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) can increase the chances of conception. To improve your chances of conceiving despite having an autoimmune condition, consider regular exercise under expert guidance to stay active, overcome stiffness, and manage your condition effectively. Additionally, taking folic acid has been proven to reduce birth defects. It is also advisable to cut down on smoking and alcohol and ensure adequate sleep.

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