Chemotherapy is a widely used treatment in the battle against cancer, offering hope to millions of patients worldwide. However, while it is effective in targeting and destroying cancer cells, chemotherapy also brings a host of side effects, particularly affecting the skin, hair, and nails. These dermatological complications can significantly impact a patient's quality of life during treatment.

Hence, we got in touch with Dr Akanksha Sanghvi, Dermatologist, who shares tips to keep your skin health in check through chemotherapy.

Dr Akanksha explains that chemotherapy can drastically affect skin health leading to a variety of issues. These include:

Dryness and Itching: Dry skin is one of the most prevalent complaints among chemotherapy patients. This condition can become intensely itchy, leading to further irritation if not properly managed. To alleviate dryness and itching, experts recommend:

Moisturising Regularly: The use of gentle, fragrance-free moisturisers can help maintain skin hydration. Applying moisturiser immediately after bathing can lock in moisture and soothe irritated skin.

Lukewarm Showers: Avoiding hot water is essential, as it can strip the skin of its natural oils, exacerbating dryness. Opting for lukewarm showers can reduce this risk.

Humidifiers: Adding moisture to the air with a humidifier can help combat dry skin, especially in dry or cold climates.

Gentle Cleansers: Mild, soap-free cleansers are less likely to irritate the skin compared to harsher products.

Rashes and Redness: Certain chemotherapies can cause skin reactions, leading to rashes and redness. These reactions may vary in severity but can be distressing for patients.

Gentle Care: Using mild cleansers and moisturisers can help soothe irritated skin.

Avoid Scratching: While it may be tempting, scratching can exacerbate inflammation and lead to infection. Applying cool compresses to the affected area can provide temporary relief.

Chemotherapy can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight, increasing the risk of sunburn. This sensitivity, known as photosensitivity, requires patients to take extra precautions when exposed to the sun. Dr Akanksha shares some essential tips to follow to protect your skin from UV rays.

- Sun Protection: Wearing protective clothing, including wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses, can shield the skin from harmful UV rays.

- Sunscreen: Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher daily is essential, even on cloudy days. Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours when outdoors.

- Limit Sun Exposure: It's advisable to avoid prolonged exposure to the sun, particularly during peak hours when UV radiation is strongest.

Dr Akanksha explains that chemotherapy can also affect the nails, making them brittle, discoloured, or prone to developing ridges. These changes can be both physically uncomfortable and distressing for patients.

- Nail Care: Keeping nails trimmed and filed can prevent breakage and reduce discomfort.

- Protect Nails: Protecting nails from injury by wearing gloves during housework or gardening can minimise damage.

- Gentle Products: Using gentle nail care products can prevent further irritation and promote nail health.

While not strictly a skin condition, mucositis—an inflammation of the mouth and throat—can significantly affect the surrounding skin. Mucositis is a common side effect of chemotherapy, particularly in treatments involving the head and neck region.

- Oral Hygiene: Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial. Brushing gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush can reduce irritation.

- Mouthwashes: Experts’ approved mouthwashes can soothe irritation and help prevent infection.

- Hydration: Staying hydrated is important for alleviating dryness in the mouth and throat, which can contribute to mucositis.

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