Monsoon season creates a suitable breeding ground for mosquitoes which leads to a surge in water-borne diseases. Among the most prevalent of these is diarrhoea, a condition that can have severe consequences if not managed properly. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diarrhoea can lead to severe complications and even death in young children. The outbreak of diarrhoea is often linked to the consumption of unhealthy foods and fruits that are prevalent during the rainy season.

We got in touch with Dr Piyush Mishra, General Physician and Immunisation Officer, North East District, New Delhi who shares causes, symptoms, and prevention strategies for diarrhoea you must follow to keep this disease at bay.

Dr Piyush Mishra shares the causes of diarrhoea including:

1. Contaminated Water: The monsoon rains can lead to the contamination of drinking water sources with pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. This is often due to the overflow of sewage systems and the mixing of clean water with polluted rainwater.

2. Poor Sanitation: Increased water stagnation during the monsoon can contribute to the proliferation of pathogens in the environment. Poor sanitation practices, such as improper disposal of waste, further exacerbate the situation.

3. Consumption of Contaminated Food: Food can become contaminated if prepared or stored in unsanitary conditions. Street food, in particular, poses a high risk during the monsoon due to the increased exposure to contaminated water and surfaces.

Dr Piyush Mishra explains diarrhoea is identified by the frequent passage of loose or watery stools. Other symptoms that may indicate diarrhoea include:

- Abdominal pain and cramps

- Nausea and vomiting

- Fever

- Dehydration, indicated by dry mouth, decreased urine output, and dizziness

- Fatigue and weakness

Severe cases can lead to significant fluid and electrolyte loss, posing a serious health risk, especially to children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems.

Tips To Stay Safe From Diarrhoea

Dr Piyush Mishra shares that preventing diarrhoea during the monsoon involves a combination of good hygiene practices, safe food and water consumption, and general awareness. Here are some expert-approved tips:

1. Ensure Safe Drinking Water: Always drink water from a reliable source. Boiling water or using water purification tablets can help kill pathogens. Use filtered water for drinking and cooking whenever possible.

2. Practice Good Hand Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating, after using the restroom, and after handling raw food. Hand sanitisers can be used when soap and water are not available.

3. Eat Hygienic Food: Avoid consuming food from street vendors during the monsoon. Ensure that food is cooked thoroughly and stored properly. Wash fruits and vegetables with clean water before consumption.

4. Maintain Clean Surroundings: Properly dispose of waste and ensure that sewage systems are functioning effectively to prevent contamination of water sources. Avoid allowing water to stagnate, as it can become a breeding ground for pathogens.

5. Stay Informed and Alert: Be aware of the symptoms of diarrhoea and seek medical attention promptly if symptoms persist or worsen. Educate family members and the community about the importance of hygiene and safe practices during the monsoon.